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About The Book
Pharmacy Council of India has introduced uniform B.Pharm syllabus throughout the country and the nomenclature Physical Pharmaceutics-II pertains to Semester IV (vide no. 6,7 & 8 of the Bachelor of Pharmacy course regulations 2014) throughout India. The present title is new edition of continuation of earlier title Textbook of Physical Pharmaceutics.
The physicochemical principles are strengthened for drug and excipients, giving relevance to the formulations. Thus, a mechanistic approach is stressed. This book imparts knowledge for selecting the right kind of substance for the manufacturing of medicinal products.
Considering relevance with examinations, emphasis is laid on the following:-
1. Application of principles
2. A number of illustrations on the lines of concept mapping
3. Comment type questions with answers and reasoning type of questions.
4. MCQs, key and Question Bank
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1. COLLOIDAL DISPERSIONS
Characteristics of Dispersed Phase
Classification of Colloidal Dispersions
Purification of Colloidal Dispersions
Stability of Colloids
Sensitization and Protective Colloidal Action
Optical Properties
Kinetic Properties
Electrical Properties
Question Bank
2. POLYMERS—PHYSICOCHEMICAL PRINCIPLES
Applications of Polymers
Classification of Polymers
Characterization of Polymers
Question Bank
3. RHEOLOGY
Concepts of Viscosity
Factors Influencing the Viscosity
Newtonian Systems
Non-Newtonian Systems
Thixotropy—Formulation Development
Flow of Fluids-Methods of Determination
Question Bank
4. COMPACTION—DEFORMATION OF SOLIDS
General Principles
Applied Force—Deformation of Solids
Compression—Heckel Equations
Consolidation
Decompression
Compaction at High Load
Compression Properties
Question Bank
5. COARSE DISPERSIONS—SUSPENSIONS
Classification of Suspensions
Particle—Particle Interactions and Behavior
Interfacial Properties of Solids
Factors Influencing Particle Settling
Crystal Growth and Polymorphism
Physical Stability
Formulation of Suspensions
Rheological Considerations
Preparation of Suspensions
Question Bank
6. COARSE DISPERSIONS—EMULSIONS
Classification of Emulsions
Appearance and Identification
Thermodynamic Causes for Instability
Emulsifying Agents
Emulsifying Agents-Mechanisms of Action
Physical Instability-Markers
Factors Improving Physical Stability
Phase Inversion
Evaluation of Physical Stability of Emulsions
Preservation of Emulsions
Rheological Properties of Emulsions
Formulation of Emulsions - HLB Method
Question Bank
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7 TOPICAL SEMISOLID DISPERSIONS
Factors Affecting the Topical Drug Delivery
Ointment Bases
Creams
Pastes
Gels
Hydrogels
Evaluation of Semisolids
Rheological Evaluation of Semisolids
Preparation of Ointment Bases
Generic Semisolids – Topical Drug Classification System (TCS)
Question Bank
8 MICROMERETICS
Particles—Characteristics
Powder—Characteristics
Powders—Particle Size Distribution
Powders—Distribution Curves-Analysis of Data
Particle Size Determination-Methods
Powder Surface Area-Methods
Derived Properties of Powders
Question Bank
9 CHEMICAL KINETICS
Molecularity of Reaction
Order of Reactions
Determination of Order
Comparison of Different Orders
Chemical Factors Affecting Chemical Degradation
Physical Factors Affecting Chemical Degradation
Influence of Temperature on Chemical Degradation
Temperature—Mechanisms of Chemical Reactions
Question Bank
10 DRUG STABILITY
Physical Degradation of Pharmaceutical Products
Solid State Drug Stability
Chemical Degradation of Drugs – Preventive Measures
Chemical Stability Testing—Dosage Forms
Storage of Pharmaceuticals
ICH-Stability Guidance—Basic Principles
WHO-Stability Guidance—Basic Principles
Question Bank
APPENDIX I : Answers to the Comments
APPENDIX II : Answers to Numerical Problems
APPENDIX III : Key to the Multiple Choice Questions
APPENDIX IV : Definitions and Meanings
APPENDIX V : All in Tows — Know them Well
APPENDIX VI : Bibliography
APPENDIX VII : Glossary of Symbols and Abbrevations
APPENDIX VIII : Greek Alphabets and Multiplication of Units
APPENDIX IX : Some Notations of Units and their Abbreviations in SI Units
APPENDIX X : Interconversion of Units
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