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About The Book
The book provides comprehensive yet concise chemistry of heterocyclic compounds and natural products as per the syllabi of the B.Pharma
course prescribed by AICTE and various Indian Universities. The topics covered include polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, unsaturated
carbonyl compounds, stereochemistry, pericyclic reactions, chemistry of heterocyclic compounds, carbohydrates, glycosides, lipids, aminoacids
and proteins, nucleic acids, alkaloids, purines and important reagents employed in organic syntheses. It also contains problems at the end of
book, which are designed to develop proficiency through practice. The subject matter will be of interest to the students and teachers of pharmacy and general science courses.
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1. Introduction
2. Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons
1. Naphthalene
2. Anthracene
3. Phenanthrene
4. Diphenylmethane
5. Triphenylmethane
3. Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds
4. Reagents in Organic Synthesis
1. Aluminium isopropoxide
2. Aluminium-t-butoxide
3. Sodamide
4. Polyphosphoric acid
5. Sodium borohydride
6. Lead tetra-acetate
7. Lithium aluminium hydride (LIAIH4)
8. N-Bromosuccinimide (NBS)
5. Stereoisomerism
1. Structural isomerism
2. Geometrical isomerism
3. Stereochemistry of oximes
4. Optical isomerism
5. Stereochemistry of biphenyl compounds
6. Conformational isomerism
7. Nucleophilc substitution of alkyl halides
8. Alkene addition reactions
6. Pericyclic Reactions
1. Introduction and principle categories
2. Orbital symmetry
7. Heterocyclic Compounds
1. Introduction
2. Importance of heterocyclic compounds
3. Nomenclature
4. Five-membered heterocyclics with one hetero atom
(a) Furan
(b) Pyrrole
(c) Thiophene
5. Five-membered heterocyclics with two hetero atoms
(a) Pyrazoles
(b) Imidazoles
(c) Oxazole and isoxazole
(d) Thiazoles
6. Six-membered heterocyclics with one hetero atom
(a) Pyridine
7. Six-membered heterocyclics with two hetero atoms
(a) Pyrazine
(b) Pyrimidines
(c) Pyridazines
8. Seven-membered heterocyclics
(a) Oxepines
(b) Azepine
9. Condensed heterocyclics
(a) Quinoline and isoquinoline
(b) Indole
(c) Acridine
(d) Phenothiazines
(e) Benzofuran
(f) Benzimidazole
8. Carbohydrates
1. Introduction and classification
2. Glucose
3. Fructose
4. Sucrose
5. Lactose
6. Maltose
7. Interconversions of monosaccharides
8. Starch and starch derivatives
9. Cellulose and cellulose derivatives
10. Qualitative analysis of carbohydrates
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9. Glycosides
1. Introduction and classification
2. Synthesis of methyl glycosides
3. Extraction of glycosides
4. Cardiac glycosides
5. Anthraquinone glycosides
6. Salicin
7. Amygdalin
10. Lipids (Fats, Oils and Waxes)
1. Introduction and classification
2. Extraction, physical and chemical properties
3. Analysis of fats and oils
4. Waxes
11. Amino Acids and Proteins
AMINO ACIDS 1. Introduction and classification
2. Essential amino acids
3. Synthesis of amino acids
4. Properties of amino acids
5. Peptides
PROTEINS 6. Introduction and classification of protiens
7. General properties of proteins
8. Structure of proteins
9. Qualitative tests for proteins
10. Chemistry of insulin
11. Chemistry of oxytocin
12. Nucleic Acids
1. Introduction and classification and functions of nucleic acids
2. Structure of nucleic acids
(a) Structure of DNA (b) Structure of RNA
3. Biological functions of Nucleic acids
13. Alkaloids
1. Introduction and occurrence
2. Isolation
3. General properties
4. Classification
5. General methods to determine structure
6. Ephedrine
7. Coniine
8. Nicotine
9. Papaverine
10. Atropine
11. Cinchona alkaloids
12. Quinine
13. Reserpine
14. Morphine
15. Morphine analogues—structure activity relationships
14. Purines
1. Introduction, classification and chemistry of purine
2. Chemistry of uric acid
3. Caffeine
4. Theophylline
5. Theobromine
6. Interrelationship of uric acid and xanthine bases
7. Uses of xanthine bases
8. Official preparations of xanthine derivatives
APPENDIX-I Practice Questions
APPENDIX-II Objective Type of Questions with Answers
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